CVE-2021-45423: 
Linux Debian vulnerability analysis and mitigation

A Buffer Overflow vulnerability exists in Pev 0.81 via the pe_exports function from exports.c. The vulnerability was discovered in 2021 and affects the Pev software version 0.81. The issue stems from improper array allocation and iteration in the pe_exports function (Github Issue).

The vulnerability occurs in the pe_exports function where an array offsets_to_Names is dynamically allocated on the stack using exp->NumberOfFunctions as its size. However, the loop uses exp->NumberOfNames to iterate over it and set its components value. The code assumes that exp->NumberOfFunctions is greater than ordinal at each iteration, which can be violated through crafted input. This implementation flaw can lead to a buffer overflow condition (Github Issue). The vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 CRITICAL (Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) (NVD).

The vulnerability can lead to arbitrary code execution. When exploited, an attacker can overwrite the return address of the pe_exports function, potentially leading to code execution with the privileges of the running process (Github Issue).