CVE-2025-48811: 
vulnerability analysis and mitigation

CVE-2025-48811 is a security vulnerability discovered in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave. The vulnerability was first reported on May 26, 2025, and publicly disclosed on July 8, 2025. It affects multiple versions of Microsoft Windows operating systems, including Windows Server 2025, Windows 11 (22H2, 23H2, 24H2), Windows 10 (various versions), and Windows Server editions (2016, 2019, 2022) (NVD).

The vulnerability is characterized by a missing support for integrity check in Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) Enclave. It has been assigned a CVSS v3.1 Base Score of 6.7 (Medium) with the vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. The vulnerability is classified under CWE-353 (Missing Support for Integrity Check) (NVD).

The vulnerability allows an authorized attacker with high privileges to further elevate their privileges locally on the affected system. This could potentially lead to complete system compromise in terms of confidentiality, integrity, and availability, as indicated by the CVSS metrics showing High (H) impact scores for all three security properties (NVD).

Microsoft has released security updates to address this vulnerability. The fixes are available for all affected versions, including specific version numbers: Windows Server 2025 (up to 10.0.26100.4652), Windows 11 22H2 (up to 10.0.22621.5624), Windows 11 23H2 (up to 10.0.22631.5624), and other affected Windows versions (NVD).