CVE-2026-104047: 
NixOS 취약성 분석 및 완화

CVE-2026-104047 is an OData filter injection vulnerability in SSSD (System Security Services Daemon) that allows a local, low-privileged user to manipulate directory query filters when SSSD is configured to use Microsoft Entra ID as the identity provider. By submitting a crafted lookup request containing unsanitized single-quote characters, an attacker can escape intended OData string literals and broaden directory queries, resulting in unauthorized information disclosure. The vulnerability was reported on May 18, 2026, publicly disclosed on October 6, 2026, and affects sssd-2.12.0-1.el10 and related Red Hat products including openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-8 and openshift/ose-rhel-coreos-9. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 (Medium) (Red Hat CVE, GitHub Advisory).

The root cause is CWE-140 (Improper Neutralization of Delimiters): the entra_id_lookup() function in src/oidc_child/oidc_child_id.c constructs OData $filter expressions by directly interpolating user-controlled input into single-quoted string literals using talloc_asprintf(), without escaping embedded single quotes. Only URL encoding is applied afterward, which does not prevent injection at the OData layer. An attacker with local access can trigger a name-based lookup with a crafted value such as a') or startsWith(userPrincipalName,'') or ('1' eq '1, causing the generated $filter to include attacker-controlled predicate logic. This vulnerability is only exploitable when SSSD is explicitly configured with idp_type=entra_id — a non-default configuration — and valid directory client credentials are present (Red Hat Bugzilla, Red Hat CVE).

Successful exploitation allows a local, low-privileged user to retrieve broader directory metadata from Microsoft Entra ID than they are authorized to access, potentially exposing user principal names, email addresses, and display names of other directory objects. The injected query logic can also cause increased parsing, processing, and cache activity in SSSD, resulting in a minor availability impact. The vulnerability does not enable arbitrary code execution, remote access, or host-level privilege escalation, and the scope of exposed data is bounded by the directory permissions granted to the SSSD service account (Red Hat CVE, Red Hat Bugzilla).

There is no public proof-of-concept exploit and no evidence of in-the-wild exploitation as of the disclosure date (Red Hat CVE, GitHub Advisory). The vulnerability is not automatable (per NVD SSVC assessment) and requires a specific non-default configuration (idp_type=entra_id) to be exploitable. The EPSS score is 0.0, reflecting very low probability of exploitation in the near term. The vulnerability has not been added to the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog. The issue was discovered by AISLE Research in partnership with Red Hat (Red Hat CVE).

1. Verify preconditions: Confirm the target system runs sssd-2.12.0-1.el10 (or an affected version) with SSSD configured to use idp_type=entra_id and valid Entra ID directory client credentials and scopes.
2. Obtain local access: Authenticate to the target system as any low-privileged local user — no elevated privileges are required.
3. Craft the injection payload: Construct a lookup value that breaks out of the OData single-quoted string literal, for example: a') or startsWith(userPrincipalName,'') or ('1' eq '1.
4. Trigger the lookup: Initiate a name-based user or group lookup using the crafted value (e.g., via getent passwd or id with the crafted name), which causes SSSD to call entra_id_lookup() in oidc_child_id.c.
5. Observe injected filter: Enable SSSD debug logging or --libcurl-debug and inspect the outgoing HTTP request to the Entra ID /users?$filter= or /groups?$filter= endpoint; after URL decoding, the $filter will contain the injected or ... predicate logic.
6. Collect overbroad results: Review the response, which may include directory records beyond the intended single-user match, and observe that results are iterated and stored in the SSSD cache (Red Hat Bugzilla).

• Logs: SSSD debug logs or --libcurl-debug output showing outgoing requests to the Entra ID /users?$filter= or /groups?$filter= endpoint with URL-encoded single quotes (%27) or unexpected or predicates in the filter string.
• Logs: SSSD logs recording unexpectedly large result sets from Entra ID directory queries, or repeated lookups with unusual username formats containing special characters.
• Network: Outbound HTTPS requests from the SSSD oidc_child process to Microsoft Graph API endpoints (graph.microsoft.com) with abnormally complex or lengthy $filter query parameters.
• File System: Unexpected or unusually large SSSD cache entries (/var/lib/sss/db/) containing directory records for users not expected to be present on the system (Red Hat Bugzilla).

A patch is available as of October 6, 2026, tracked in Red Hat Bugzilla bug 2478616; the fix introduces an odata_escape_single_quotes() helper function that doubles single quotes in OData string literals before interpolation, preventing injection. Red Hat notes that no configuration-based mitigation fully eliminates the flaw, but recommends: (1) avoiding enabling the Entra ID provider path (idp_type=entra_id) where not required; (2) restricting which users can trigger name-based lookups with untrusted input; and (3) monitoring for unexpectedly broad directory $filter requests. Organizations should apply the available patch from Red Hat and review SSSD configurations to ensure Entra ID integration is only enabled where necessary (Red Hat CVE, Red Hat Bugzilla).

Red Hat rated this vulnerability as Moderate impact, noting that exploitation requires low-privileged local access and a non-default Entra ID configuration not typically enabled in standard RHEL environments. The issue was discovered by AISLE Research in partnership with Red Hat, following a coordinated disclosure process. No significant broader media coverage or notable researcher commentary beyond the official Red Hat advisory has been identified at this time (Red Hat CVE).