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Academia CloudSec

Bem-vindo à CloudSec Academy, seu guia para navegar pela sopa de letrinhas dos acrônimos de segurança em nuvem e jargão do setor. Livre-se das distrações com conteúdo claro, conciso e habilmente elaborado, cobrindo os fundamentos para as melhores práticas.

What is a Data Risk Assessment?

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A data risk assessment is a full evaluation of the risks that an organization’s data poses. The process involves identifying, classifying, and triaging threats, vulnerabilities, and risks associated with all your data.

AI Governance: Principles, Regulations, and Practical Tips

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In this guide, we’ll break down why AI governance has become so crucial for organizations, highlight the key principles and regulations shaping this space, and provide actionable steps for building your own governance framework.

The EU Artificial Intelligence Act: A tl;dr

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In this post, we’ll bring you up to speed on why the EU put this law in place, what it involves, and what you need to know as an AI developer or vendor, including best practices to simplify compliance.

What is Application Security (AppSec)?

Application security refers to the practice of identifying, mitigating, and protecting applications from vulnerabilities and threats throughout their lifecycle, including design, development, deployment, and maintenance.

CSPM in AWS

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In this article, we’ll discuss typical cloud security pitfalls and how AWS uses CSPM solutions to tackle these complexities and challenges, from real-time compliance tracking to detailed risk assessment.

What is Data Flow Mapping?

In this article, we’ll take a closer look at everything you need to know about data flow mapping: its huge benefits, how to create one, and best practices, and we’ll also provide sample templates using real-life examples.

What are Data Security Controls?

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Data security controls are security policies, technologies, and procedures that protect data from unauthorized access, alteration, or loss

Securing Cloud IDEs

Cloud IDEs allow developers to work within a web browser, giving them access to real-time collaboration, seamless version control, and tight integration with other cloud-based apps such as code security or AI code generation assistants.

Secure SDLC

Secure SDLC (SSDLC) is a framework for enhancing software security by integrating security designs, tools, and processes across the entire development lifecycle.

What is interactive application security testing (IAST)?

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IAST (Interactive Application Security Testing) is a security testing method that monitors applications in real-time during runtime to detect vulnerabilities by analyzing code behavior and data flow in live environments.

Top OSS SCA tools

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Open-source software (OSS) software composition analysis (SCA) tools are specialized solutions designed to analyze an application's open-source components and dependencies.

The Open-Source CNAPP Toolkit

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With a CNAPP, your team is empowered to pick and choose solutions that best fit your security capability and cost requirements. This article reviews the best open-source CNAPP tools for 2024.

Sensitive Data Discovery

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In this post, we’ll find out why the sensitive data discovery process is so important—along with some of the main challenges. We’ll see how companies tackle the daunting task of classifying their data.

Top OSS Incident Response Tools

Open-source software (OSS) incident response (IR) tools are publicly available tools enterprises use to effectively manage and respond to numerous security threats.

Identity Security [Cloud Edition]

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Cloud identity security is the practice of safeguarding digital identities and the sensitive cloud infrastructure and data they gatekeep from unauthorized access and misuse.

Top 9 OSINT tools

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Open-source intelligence (OSINT) is a framework that involves gathering, analyzing, and interpreting publicly available data to gain insights into cyber threats, adversarial activities, and attack techniques. OSINT identifies innocuous-seeming information that, if analyzed with an attacker’s mindset, could reveal critical loopholes in an enterprise’s security posture.

Top OSS Vulnerability Scanners [By Category]

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Vulnerability scanning is an integral component of every vulnerability management program, providing security teams with insights needed to address vulnerabilities before they become attack vectors. When conducted regularly, vulnerability assessments offer asset discovery and visibility, attack surface management, and compliance enforcement.

What is Cloud Data Security? Risks and Best Practices

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Cloud data security is the comprehensive strategy of preventing data loss or leakage in the cloud from security threats like unauthorized access, data breaches, and insider threats.

Effective Permissions: A Security Review

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In this article, we will explore the challenges of managing permissions, the risks associated with improper access controls, and how major cloud providers handle permissions. We’ll also take a look at best practices and advanced solutions like cloud infrastructure entitlement management (CIEM).

Source Code Leaks: Risks, Examples, and Prevention

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In this blog post, we’ll explore security measures and continuous monitoring strategies to prevent these leaks, mitigating the risks posed by security vulnerabilities, human error, and attacks.

What is Cloud Risk Management?

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In this article, we’ll explore what cloud risk management entails and take an in-depth look at the tools that can keep your systems safe.

Defense in Depth: Cloud Edition

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Defense in depth is often considered a basic concept in any effective security strategy.

Secrets Detection: A Fast-Track Guide

Secrets detection is the process of identifying and managing sensitive information like API keys, passwords, and tokens within codebases to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.

LLM Security for Enterprises: Risks and Best Practices

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LLM models, like GPT and other foundation models, come with significant risks if not properly secured. From prompt injection attacks to training data poisoning, the potential vulnerabilities are manifold and far-reaching.

Data Security Compliance Explained

Data security compliance is a critical aspect of data governance that involves adhering to the security-centric rules and regulations set forth by supervisory and regulatory bodies, including federal agencies.

Top 9 OSS API Security Tools

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A guide on the 9 best OSS API security tools that protect sensitive data, infrastructure, and business logic from unauthorized access, data theft, and other attacks.

Data Leakage: Risks, Causes, & Prevention

Data leakage is the unchecked exfiltration of organizational data to a third party. It occurs through various means such as misconfigured databases, poorly protected network servers, phishing attacks, or even careless data handling.

Vulnerability Prioritization in the Cloud: Strategies + Steps

Vulnerability prioritization is the practice of assessing and ranking identified security vulnerabilities based on critical factors such as severity, potential impact, exploitability, and business context. This ranking helps security experts and executives avoid alert fatigue to focus remediation efforts on the most critical vulnerabilities.

AI Risk Management: Essential AI SecOps Guide

AI risk management is a set of tools and practices for assessing and securing artificial intelligence environments. Because of the non-deterministic, fast-evolving, and deep-tech nature of AI, effective AI risk management and SecOps requires more than just reactive measures.

SAST vs. SCA: What's the Difference?

SAST (Static Application Security Testing) analyzes custom source code to identify potential security vulnerabilities, while SCA (Software Composition Analysis) focuses on assessing third-party and open source components for known vulnerabilities and license compliance.

Top 9 OSS CSPM Tools

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In this article, we’ll explore the top 9 OSS CSPM tools available today, each with its unique capabilities and benefits for helping organizations identify cloud misconfigurations, prevent security breaches, and ensure compliance with industry standards.

Database Security Explained

Database security is the process of identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks that can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data.

MTTD and MTTR in Cybersecurity Incident Response

Most incident response teams measure both MTTD and MTTR to not only shorten attackers’ dwell times in their systems but also to gauge the team’s readiness to combat future security incidents and then optimize response times.

The Vulnerability Management Lifecycle in 6 Stages

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The vulnerability management lifecycle consists of six key stages: identification and assessment, prioritization, remediation and mitigation, verification and validation, reporting, and monitoring and improvement.

The Threat of Adversarial AI

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Adversarial artificial intelligence (AI), or adversarial machine learning (ML), is a type of cyberattack where threat actors corrupt AI systems to manipulate their outputs and functionality.

What is a Vulnerability Management Program?

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A vulnerability management program is a structured, continuous approach to identifying, evaluating, and mitigating security weaknesses across an organization's IT ecosystem.

What Is Cloud Incident Response?

Cloud incident response is a strategic approach to detecting and recovering from cyberattacks on cloud-based systems with the goal of minimizing the impact to your workloads and business operation accordingly.

Incident Response Team Depth Chart: Roles & responsibilities

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An incident response team is a specialized security unit within an organization whose primary duties involve responding to cyber incidents and addressing compromised systems, applications, and data.

SecOps Explained

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SecOps is the collaborative integration of IT security and operations teams to protect and manage an organization's digital assets more efficiently.

What is Cloud Threat Modeling?

Cloud threat modeling is a systematic approach designed to uncover, evaluate, and rank the potential security vulnerabilities and dangers unique to cloud-based systems and infrastructure.

Security logs

Cloud security logs are formatted text records that capture events and activities as they occur in a cloud environment, providing insight into what’s happening within that environment in real time.

The SOC Team Roster: Roles & responsibilities

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A security operations center (SOC) team is a group of highly skilled professionals responsible for scanning IT environments and identifying and remediating cybersecurity threats and incidents

What is Cloud Network Security?

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Cloud network security is a combination of tools, processes, and policies that protect your cloud environments.

What is Security as Code (SaC)?

Security as Code (SaC) is a methodology that integrates security measures directly into the software development process. It involves codifying security policies and decisions, and automating security checks, tests, and gates within the DevOps pipeline.

What is Cloud Forensics?

Cloud forensics is a branch of digital forensics that applies investigative techniques to collecting and evaluating critical evidence in cloud computing environments following a security incident.

What is LLM Jacking?

LLM jacking is an attack technique that cybercriminals use to manipulate and exploit an enterprise’s cloud-based LLMs (large language models).

What is Credential Access (TA0006)?

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Credential access is a cyberattack technique where threat actors access and hijack legitimate user credentials to gain entry into an enterprise's IT environments.

What is a Prompt Injection Attack?

Prompt injection attacks are an AI security threat where an attacker manipulates the input prompt in natural language processing (NLP) systems to influence the system’s output.

What is Cloud Visibility? + Best Practices

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As cloud adoption grows, the only way to mitigate risks and access the full spectrum of cloud capabilities is to prioritize visibility. Read on to learn more about cloud visibility—and how to achieve it.

Using eBPF in Kubernetes: A security overview

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eBPF provides deep visibility into network traffic and application performance while maintaining safety and efficiency by executing custom code in response to the kernel at runtime.

Navigating Incident Response Frameworks: A Fast-Track Guide

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An incident response framework is a blueprint that helps organizations deal with security incidents in a structured and efficient way. It outlines the steps to take before, during, and after an incident, and assigns roles and responsibilities to different team members.

What is a Data Poisoning Attack?

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Data poisoning is a kind of cyberattack that targets the training data used to build artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models.

Dark AI Explained

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Dark AI involves the malicious use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to facilitate cyberattacks and data breaches. Dark AI includes both accidental and strategic weaponization of AI tools.

What is Policy as Code? 

Policy as code (PaC) is the use of code to define, automate, enforce, and manage the policies that govern the operation of cloud-native environments and their resources.

What are CIS benchmarks?

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CIS benchmarks are publicly available security roadmaps offering core recommendations to guide organizations on hardening their IT systems against cyber threats.

GitOps vs. DevOps

While DevOps delineates collaboration and automation practices that emphasize infrastructure provisioning and continuous monitoring, GitOps extends its concepts by employing Git as the single source of truth for both application and infrastructure settings.

Kubernetes Namespaces: Security Best Practices

Kubernetes namespaces divide a given cluster into virtual clusters, helping to separate and manage resources while still keeping them within the same physical cluster. By segregating workloads and applying policies per namespace, you can create boundaries that keep your multi-tenant environments safe and organized.

Linux containers: A security review

Understanding the nuances of Linux containers is crucial for building robust, secure applications. This blog post provides insights into the practical implementation of containers, focusing on both their strengths and potential pitfalls.

Cloud Investigation and Response Automation (CIRA)

Cloud investigation and response automation (CIRA) harnesses the power of advanced analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and automation to provide organizations with real-time insights into potential security incidents within their cloud environments

What is Security by Design?

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Security by design is a software development approach that aims to establish security as a pillar, not an afterthought, i.e., integrating security controls into software products right from the design phase.

Guide to Standard SBOM Formats

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Two major formats dominate the SBOM ecosystem: Software Package Data Exchange (SPDX) and CycloneDX (CDX). Let’s review!

Kubernetes Security Context: Best practices

In Kubernetes, a security context defines privilege and access control settings for a Pod or Container. It allows you to specify security configurations such as user and group IDs, filesystem permissions, and capabilities.

Azure Security Risks & Mitigation Steps

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This article offers an extensive examination of Azure environments’ most pressing security risks along with suggested approaches for effectively mitigating these challenges.

Remote Code Execution Attacks Explained

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Remote code execution refers to a security vulnerability through which malicious actors can remotely run code on your systems or servers.

Cloud Sprawl Explained

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Cloud sprawl is a phenomenon that involves the unmanaged growth of cloud-based resources and services.

CSPM vs DSPM: Why You Need Both

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Discover the similarities between CSPM and DSPM, what factors set them apart, and which one is the best choice for your organization’s needs.

Container monitoring explained

Container monitoring is the process of collecting, analyzing, and reporting metrics and data related to the performance and health of containerized applications and their hosting environments.

Data Exfiltration Explained

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Data exfiltration is when sensitive data is accessed without authorization or stolen. Just like any data breach, it can lead to financial loss, reputational damage, and business disruptions.

Cloud Migration Security Explained

Cloud migration security is a facet of cybersecurity that protects organizations from security risks during a transition to cloud environments from legacy infrastructure, like on-premises data centers.

Kubernetes RBAC Explained

Kubernetes role-based access control (RBAC) serves as a foundational security layer within Kubernetes. It is essential for regulating access to the K8s API and its resources, allowing organizations to define user roles with specific permissions to effectively control who can see or interact with what resources within a cluster.

Segurança de código (Code Security)

A segurança de código, também conhecida como codificação segura, refere-se às práticas, metodologias e ferramentas projetadas para garantir que o código escrito para aplicativos e sistemas esteja protegido contra vulnerabilidades e ameaças.

Lateral Movement Explained

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Lateral movement is a cyberattack technique used by threat actors to navigate a network or environment in search of more valuable information after gaining initial access.

Credential Stuffing Explained

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Credential stuffing is a type of cyberattack where automated tools are used to repeatedly inject stolen username/password combinations into various services to gain access to legitimate users’ accounts in addition to those that were originally breached.

Container Orchestration

Container orchestration involves organizing groups of containers that make up an application, managing their deployment, scaling, networking, and their availability to ensure they're running optimally.

Native Azure Security Tools

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This blog explores the significance of security in Azure environments and provides an overview of native as well as third-party security tools available to improve an organization’s Azure security stance.

Cross-site scripting

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Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a vulnerability where hackers insert malicious scripts inside web applications with the aim of executing them in a user’s browser.

What is a man-in-the-middle attack?

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A man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack is a type of cyberattack where a hacker intercepts data transferred between two parties.

Kubernetes secrets

A Kubernetes secret is an object in the Kubernetes ecosystem that contains sensitive information (think keys, passwords, and tokens)

What is containerization?

Containerization encapsulates an application and its dependencies into a container image, facilitating consistent execution across any host operating system supporting a container engine.

Containers vs. VMs: What’s the difference?

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In a nutshell, containers and virtual machines (VMs) are two inherently different approaches to packaging and deploying applications/services in isolated environments.

Kubernetes as a service

Kubernetes as a service (KaaS) is a model in which hyperscalers like AWS, GCP, and Azure allow you to quickly and easily start a Kubernetes cluster and begin deploying workloads on it instantly.

Brute Force Attacks

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A brute force attack is a cybersecurity threat where a hacker attempts to access a system by systematically testing different passwords until a correct set of credentials is identified.

CSPM vs. SSPM

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This post discusses CSPM and SSPM in depth to reveal their respective use cases. You'll also learn how CSPM and SSPM complement each other to strengthen your overall security posture.

AWS Security Risks

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This article examines common AWS security challenges, including identity and access control gaps, data exposure risks, and monitoring blind spots.

CIEM vs. IAM

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In this article, we'll compare CIEM and IAM to explain how these crucial techniques help reduce your attack surface.

Shadow Data

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Shadow data is any data that is created, stored, or shared outside of an organization's formal IT environment and management policies.

What is Privilege Escalation?

Privilege escalation is when an attacker exploits weaknesses in your environment or infrastructure to gain higher access and control within a system or network.

Kubernetes Vulnerability Scanning

Kubernetes vulnerability scanning is the systematic process of inspecting a Kubernetes cluster (including its container images and configurations) to detect security misconfigurations or vulnerabilities that could compromise the security posture of the cluster.

Understanding the Shared Responsibility Model

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The shared responsibility model is a framework establishing cloud security responsibilities between cloud service providers (AWS, GCP, Azure) and customers.

Serverless Security Explained

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Serverless security is the extra layer of protection designed for applications built on a serverless architecture. In this type of cloud computing, you write the code (functions) but the cloud provider handles the servers. This creates a different security approach.

Cloud Security Strategy

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A cloud security strategy is the combination of the measures, tools, policies, and procedures used to secure cloud data, applications, and infrastructure.

Rootkits Explained

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A rootkit is a suite of software designed to grant a cyberattacker privileged access while disguising the invasion to evade detection.

O que é CSPM?

Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM) descreve o processo de detecção e correção contínua de riscos em ambientes e serviços de nuvem (por exemplo, buckets S3 com acesso público de leitura). As ferramentas CSPM avaliam automaticamente as configurações de nuvem em relação às melhores práticas do setor, requisitos regulatórios e políticas de segurança para garantir que os ambientes de nuvem sejam seguros e gerenciados adequadamente.

Risk-Based Vulnerability Management

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Risk-based vulnerability management is a vulnerability management approach that prioritizes vulnerabilities that pose the greatest risk to an organization.

Container Registries Explained

A container registry is a service that stores, manages, and distributes application images. Its architecture is designed to ensure availability by providing a centralized resource for container image discovery, distribution, and deployment.

Top Docker Alternatives

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In this guide, we'll look at a variety of Docker alternatives that provide different benefits for your workloads—such as daemonless operation, a simplified management experience, improved container security, and enhanced scalability and orchestration for production environments.

AWS S3 Security Best Practices

This article will refresh your knowledge of AWS and S3 security basics and then move into the best practices you need to get started with S3 security.

What is DevSecOps?

DevSecOps, which stands for Development, Security, and Operations, is a software development practice that emphasizes integrating security considerations throughout the entire development lifecycle, from initial design to deployment and ongoing maintenance.

Kubernetes Alternatives for Container Orchestration

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This blog post explores the world of container orchestration tools beyond Kubernetes, highlighting cloud provider tools and open-source alternatives that promise to redefine how we deploy and manage applications.

What is a Reverse Shell Attack?

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A reverse shell attack is a type of cyberattack where a threat actor establishes a connection from a target machine (the victim's) to their machine.