Advanced API Security Best Practices [Cheat Sheet]
Designed for developers and security professionals who already grasp foundational principles, this 11-page cheat sheet provides practical, step-by-step guidance for securing APIs.
A guide on the 9 best OSS API security tools that protect sensitive data, infrastructure, and business logic from unauthorized access, data theft, and other attacks.
Équipe d'experts Wiz
6 minutes lues
API security: A quick review
Recent years have brought a surge in API-based attacks, which are considered to be some of the most damaging cyberattacks, according to Gartner. Luckily, OSS API security tools are an effective way to protect sensitive data, infrastructure, and business logic from unauthorized access, data theft, and other attacks.
APIs are the gateways to communication and data exchange between users, apps, and servers. Because they are often designed to be easy to locate, carry sensitive data, and contain information that can help hackers understand your business logic, APIs are prime targets for cybercriminals. Application programming interface (API) security is the practice of safeguarding APIs from threats and potential vulnerabilities.
Conseil pro
Modern apps are powered by hundreds of APIs (estimates put it at an average of 613 APIs per enterprise) that facilitate communication and data transfer between users and apps, as well as between different microservices in an app. If not properly secured, that’s a potential 613 entry points for API attacks that could result in data theft, compliance violations, and financial and reputational damage.
So what does it mean to secure an API? API security includes measures such as:
API authentication and authorization, which control user access to and actions within APIs
Data encryption, which protects data transmitted by APIs using cryptographic hashes
Rate limiting, which caps the number of API requests to prevent DDOS attacks and API abuse
Choosing the right API security tool: 7 must-ask questions
When choosing an OSS API security solution, verify that the tool offers these capabilities:
API discovery: Can the tool scan your enterprise’s entire cloud environments to discover and inventory all APIs and API endpoints?
Integration: Does it integrate easily into your development environment, CI/CD pipelines, and existing security solutions without disrupting your workflows?
Testing: Can it run dynamic application security testing (DAST) scans of your APIs to detect runtime bugs and security gaps that can be revealed only when clients and servers interact?
Runtime protection: Can it conduct comprehensive scans and provide actionable insights to help you address common API security vulnerabilities like broken authentication, misconfigured API endpoints, and others listed in the OWASP Top 10 API Security Risks?
Compliance: Can the API security tool facilitate compliance with regional and industry-specific regulatory standards such as GDPR, PCI DSS, and HIPAA?
Scalability: As your app and API needs grow, can the tool handle increasingly large and complex workloads without slowing down your DevSecOps processes?
Maintenance and support: Are security and performance updates released regularly to fix issues in the tool? Does the solution have an active community to offer you support should you need help utilizing it?
Below are our top picks for OSS API security tools, along with their key features, pros, and cons.
1. APIsec|Scan
APIsec|Scan is an API security testing solution that conducts non-intrusive scans to discover common vulnerabilities in APIs.
Features
Integrates into multiple software development pipelines, including Git and Bitbucket
Supports manual and scheduled tests
Uncovers dependency and runtime vulnerabilities using different scanning techniques such as API software composition analysis, static application security testing, and dynamic application security testing
Pros
Enables automatic API discovery and scanning
Detects common vulnerabilities like suboptimal attribute-based access control (ABAC) and role-based access control (RBAC) configurations
Cons
Limits API scans to un-authenticated tests, which may miss important vulnerabilities
May generate false negative results, requiring you to integrate another API security tool for comprehensive protection
2. Burp Suite
Burp Suite Community Edition is primarily a dynamic application security testing tool, but it has extended functionality to enable API endpoint protection.
Features
Has a crawler for discovering OpenAPI documents that automatically identify exposed API endpoints
Detects SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and CSRF attacks
Pros
Capabilities can be extended with various add-ons
Has a strong community of professionals providing support
Cons
Ideal for manual security testing only
Is mostly a learning, rather than a testing toolkit
3. Curity Identity Server (Community Edition)
Curity Identity Server Community Edition is a popular OAuth server for managing API security posture. It provides modern scanning capabilities to authenticate API endpoints, web apps, and mobile apps.
Features
Enables API access management
Supports various authentication mechanisms, including OpenID Connect, OAuth 2.0, and custom authentication
Supplies API tokens to minimize the risk of XSS and CSRF attacks
Pros
Provides single sign-on and customized claims to streamline user authentication and authorization
Offers logging and user management to track user and system actions
Hurl is a command-line tool for testing HTTP API requests and validating responses. It allows you to conduct complex assertion tests to validate HTTP responses using headers, status codes, and response bodies.
Features
Uses a straightforward syntax written in plain text format
Works with REST, GraphQL, and SOAP APIs, ensuring comprehensive coverage of various HTML content
Pros
Supports GitHub Actions and Bitbucket, enabling easy integration into CI/CD pipelines for automated API testing
Is lightweight and easy to deploy, adding little to no performance overhead to your stack
Cons
Conducts functional tests mainly; not optimized for security testing
Requires a steep learning curve
5. Kong Insomnia
Kong Insomnia’s REST Client is a solution designed for building, testing, interacting with, and debugging various APIs.
Features
Supports multiple testing environments including Git, cloud, and local development environments
Supports several advanced scripting capabilities for testing, validating, and manipulating HTTP requests and responses to detect common API vulnerabilities
Pros
Is a lightweight tool with 350+ open-source plugins that can be added or removed as the need arises
Supports REST, GraphQL, gRPC, and SOAP APIs and analyzes HTTP and WebSocket requests, enabling comprehensive debugging and testing
Cons
Lacks support for comprehensive API security testing
6. Rest Assured
Rest Assured is an API security testing solution designed for testing RESTful APIs written in Java. It’s a well-maintained project with an active community of developers and security engineers.
Features
Handles various authentication mechanisms, making it ideal for securing API endpoints
Supports JSON and XML formats for flexible data transfer during API testing
Handles multiple request types, such as POST, GET, DELETE, PUT, PATCH, etc., which it uses to verify API performance
Pros
Fluent API that simplifies API testing
Supplies cross-site request forgery (CSRF) tokens to minimize the risk of CSRF attacks on APIs
Cons
Cannot conduct vulnerability scans to detect injection, cross-site scripting, or CSRF attacks
Can only scan Java-based REST APIs
7. SoapUI
SOAP UI is an API testing solution designed to provide a spectrum of capabilities, including API load, functional, mocking, and security tests.
Features
Supports multiple API protocols such as REST, SOAP/WSDL, GraphQL, and JMS
Offers drag-and-drop features for designing custom test scenarios
Pros
Has a user-friendly GUI
Integrates easily with CI/CD pipelines to automate security testing across the SDLC
Has a vibrant open-source community of developers and security experts
Cons
Can be very resource intensive
Provides support for basic security testing only; users may need to integrate advanced API security tools to ensure comprehensive protection
8. Swagger UI
Swagger UI is a popular real-time API behavior testing solution. It provides a visual interface that empowers development teams to scan and interact with REST API resources without requiring access to implementation logic.
Features
Facilitates API authentication via authentication tokens and credentials
Enables real-time scans of API requests, including POST, GET, PUT, and DELETE
Pros
Has a dependency-free architecture that enables integration with various development environments
Enables complete access to Swagger UI’s source code to allow for seamless customization
Cons
Not primarily an API security testing solution
Only tests REST APIs
9. ZAP
Zed Attack Proxy (ZAP) is a web application vulnerability scanner that uses fuzzing, active, and passive scanning techniques to conduct DAST-like API scans. Though it is primarily a DAST tool, it offers various add-ons for API scanning, including OpenAPI, SOAP, GraphQL, and import URLs add-ons.
Features
Handles various API authentication techniques such as basic auth, OAuth, and JWT
Has proxies for crawling APIs, intercepting API requests, and delivering malicious payloads to API endpoints
Pros
Conducts real-time scans
Supports scan-policy customization
Cons
May give false negative results, requiring you to manually conduct penetration tests to discover missed vulnerabilities
Is complex to deploy and use
Bolster API security with Wiz
The tools we’ve covered have wide-ranging benefits, but they also have one limitation in common: Each covers only some aspects of API security, requiring you to integrate a complicated amalgam of OSS tools for comprehensive coverage. Enter the Wiz Dynamic Scanner.
Wiz's Dynamic Scanner supports API security by providing several advanced features that help discover, assess, and secure APIs in cloud environments, such as:
Continuous API Discovery: It automatically discovers and inventories APIs exposed to the internet across cloud environments, providing visibility into both managed and unmanaged APIs.
External Exposure Analysis: The scanner validates externally exposed APIs, analyzing ports, protocols, and HTTP status codes to give an attacker's perspective.
Unauthenticated API Detection: It identifies unauthenticated APIs that may be exposing secrets or sensitive data, allowing security teams to quickly address these high-priority issues.
Context-Aware Risk Assessment: Wiz provides a comprehensive view of the API's security posture by analyzing the full cloud stack, including the hosting resource, associated vulnerabilities, and potential for lateral movement.
Automated Alerting: The system includes out-of-the-box controls that trigger automated alerts and remediation workflows when non-compliant APIs are detected.
Custom Policy Enforcement: Users can create custom controls to ensure organization-specific policies are enforced for API security.
By offering these capabilities, the Wiz Dynamic Scanner helps organizations proactively identify and address API security risks, reducing their attack surface and enhancing their overall cloud security posture.
Prevent API-based attacks
Get visibility into exposed and unprotected APIs with Wiz's agentless and contextual approach.
A data risk assessment is a full evaluation of the risks that an organization’s data poses. The process involves identifying, classifying, and triaging threats, vulnerabilities, and risks associated with all your data.
In this guide, we’ll break down why AI governance has become so crucial for organizations, highlight the key principles and regulations shaping this space, and provide actionable steps for building your own governance framework.
This article outlines guidelines and best practices for weaving security into every part of your development and DevOps workflows, focusing on practical techniques that are easy to adopt.
In this post, we’ll bring you up to speed on why the EU put this law in place, what it involves, and what you need to know as an AI developer or vendor, including best practices to simplify compliance.
Application security refers to the practice of identifying, mitigating, and protecting applications from vulnerabilities and threats throughout their lifecycle, including design, development, deployment, and maintenance.