CVE-2022-41099: 
vulnerability analysis and mitigation

BitLocker Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability (CVE-2022-41099) is a security flaw affecting Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) across multiple versions of Windows 10 and Windows 11. The vulnerability was disclosed in November 2022 and affects various Windows versions including Windows 10 (versions 1507, 1607, 1809, 2004) and Windows 11 (versions 21H2, 22H2) (NVD).

The vulnerability received a CVSS v3.1 Base Score of 4.6 (Medium) with the vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N. This indicates that the vulnerability requires physical access, has low attack complexity, requires no privileges, needs no user interaction, has high confidentiality impact, but no impact on integrity or availability (Microsoft MSRC).

The vulnerability has significant implications for device security, particularly for stolen computers. When successfully exploited, it could allow unauthorized access to BitLocker-encrypted data on affected systems. The impact is rated 'high' in terms of confidentiality, potentially compromising sensitive data stored on encrypted devices (Microsoft Community).

Microsoft has developed PowerShell scripts to help automate the updating of WinRE images on affected systems. The mitigation process involves mounting the existing WinRE image, updating it with the specified Safe OS Dynamic Update package, and reconfiguring WinRE for BitLocker service if TPM protector is present. Two scripts are available: PatchWinREScript2004plus.ps1 for Windows 10 version 2004 and later, and PatchWinREScriptGeneral.ps1 for earlier versions (Microsoft Support).