CVE-2024-22411: 
Ruby vulnerability analysis and mitigation

CVE-2024-22411 affects Avo, a framework for creating admin panels in Ruby on Rails applications. The vulnerability was discovered in Avo 3 pre12, where HTML content passed to error or succeed functions in an Avo::BaseAction subclass is rendered without proper sanitization in the UI toast/notification system. The vulnerability was disclosed on January 16, 2024, and affects versions up to (excluding) 2.47.0 and versions from 3.0.2 up to (excluding) 3.3.0 (NVD, GitHub Advisory).

The vulnerability is classified as a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) issue (CWE-79). It has been assigned a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.4 (Medium) by NVD with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N. The issue occurs when unsanitized HTML content is passed to the error or succeed methods in Avo::BaseAction subclasses, which is then rendered directly in the toast/notification UI component (NVD).

A malicious user could exploit this vulnerability to trigger cross-site scripting attacks on unsuspecting users. The attack requires user interaction and could potentially lead to the execution of arbitrary JavaScript code in the victim's browser when viewing affected notifications (GitHub Advisory).

The vulnerability has been patched in Avo versions 3.3.0 and 2.47.0. Users are strongly advised to upgrade to these versions or later. The fix implements proper HTML sanitization using DOMPurify for content passed to the notification system (NVD, Avo Release).