CVE-2025-0451: 
vulnerability analysis and mitigation

CVE-2025-0451 is a medium-severity vulnerability identified in the Chrome Extensions API. The vulnerability was discovered by Vitor Torres and Alesandro Ortiz and was reported on September 18, 2022. It was officially patched in Chrome version 133.0.6943.53/54 for Windows, Mac, and Linux platforms, with the fix being released on February 4, 2025 (Chrome Releases).

The vulnerability is classified as an 'inappropriate implementation' in the Extensions API of Chrome browser. According to Palo Alto Networks' assessment, it received a CVSS score of 6.1 (MEDIUM), with network attack vector, low attack complexity, and requires active user interaction. The vulnerability assessment indicates high potential impact on product confidentiality, integrity, and availability, with no privileges required for exploitation (Palo Alto).

The vulnerability affects Chrome browser versions prior to 133.8.10.54, as documented in Palo Alto Networks' security advisory. The issue could potentially impact product confidentiality, integrity, and availability if successfully exploited, though specific impact details are limited in public disclosures (Palo Alto).

The vulnerability has been patched in Chrome version 133.0.6943.53/54. Users are advised to update their Chrome browsers to this version or later to receive the fix. The update is being rolled out gradually over days/weeks. Users can manually check for updates by navigating to Settings > About Chrome (Security Online).

Google awarded a bug bounty of $2,000 to the researchers who discovered and reported this vulnerability, indicating its moderate severity level and potential impact (Chrome Releases).