CVE-2025-23184: 
Java vulnerability analysis and mitigation

A potential denial of service vulnerability (CVE-2025-23184) was identified in Apache CXF affecting versions before 3.5.10, 3.6.5, and 4.0.6. The vulnerability was discovered and disclosed on January 21, 2025. The affected software component is Apache CXF, a widely used open-source services framework (Apache Mailing List, NVD).

The vulnerability stems from improper handling of CachedOutputStream instances, which in certain edge cases may not be properly closed. When these streams are backed by temporary files, they can potentially fill up the file system. This issue affects both server and client implementations. The vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) by NVD and 5.9 (MEDIUM) by Apache Software Foundation, with the vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (NVD).

The primary impact of this vulnerability is the potential for denial of service through resource exhaustion. When exploited, the vulnerability can cause the file system to fill up due to unclosed temporary files, potentially affecting system availability and performance. This can lead to service disruption for both server and client applications (Red Hat).

The recommended mitigation is to upgrade to the fixed versions: Apache CXF 3.5.10, 3.6.5, or 4.0.6, depending on the version currently in use. These versions contain the necessary fixes to prevent the CachedOutputStream instances from remaining unclosed (Openwall).