CVE-2025-25595: 
NixOS vulnerability analysis and mitigation

A lack of rate limiting vulnerability was discovered in the login page of Safe App version a3.0.9, identified as CVE-2025-25595. The vulnerability was disclosed on March 18, 2025, affecting the Android application's authentication mechanism. This security flaw allows attackers to perform unlimited authentication attempts through brute force attacks against the login endpoint (NVD, Advisory).

The vulnerability is classified as CWE-307 (Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts) with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 CRITICAL (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). The affected component is the login API endpoint in Safe App version a3.0.9, which fails to implement any form of request rate limiting or account lockout mechanisms (NVD, Advisory).

The vulnerability can lead to multiple severe consequences including unauthorized account access, potential privilege escalation, privacy violations, and service degradation from automated attacks. Attackers can systematically attempt to guess user credentials without any restrictions, potentially compromising user accounts and accessing sensitive information (Advisory).

Several mitigation strategies are recommended: implement rate limiting on authentication endpoints, add account lockout after failed attempts, implement CAPTCHA or similar challenge mechanisms, add IP-based request throttling, enable multi-factor authentication, and implement secure session management. Organizations should also monitor and alert on brute force attempts and enforce strong password policies (Advisory).