CVE-2025-30223: 
Wolfi vulnerability analysis and mitigation

A Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability (CVE-2025-30223) was discovered in Beego's RenderForm() function, affecting versions prior to 2.3.6. The vulnerability exists due to improper HTML escaping of user-controlled data in the popular Go web framework. This critical vulnerability was disclosed on March 31, 2025, and received a CVSS score of 9.3 (GitHub Advisory, NVD).

The vulnerability resides in the renderFormField() function within Beego's templatefunc.go file. The function directly injects user-provided values into HTML templates without proper HTML escaping, allowing attackers to break out of the attribute context or inject HTML tags. The RenderForm() function returns template.HTML, which bypasses Go's automatic HTML escaping mechanisms. The vulnerability received a CVSS v3.1 score of 9.3 (Critical) with the vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N (Security Online, GitHub Advisory).

The vulnerability can lead to multiple severe consequences including session hijacking, credential theft, and account takeover. Attackers can execute arbitrary JavaScript in the victim's browser context, steal session cookies to impersonate victims, create fake login forms to harvest credentials, and perform unauthorized actions on behalf of the victim. This is particularly dangerous in admin interfaces or user management dashboards where user-generated data is displayed to privileged users (GitHub Advisory).

The vulnerability can be exploited through two primary methods: Attribute Injection, where attackers can break out of the attribute context and execute JavaScript through fields like DisplayName, and Content Injection, where attackers can inject HTML tags directly into textarea content. The vulnerability affects any application using Beego's RenderForm() function with user-provided data (Security Online).

The vulnerability has been patched in Beego version 2.3.6. The fix involves explicitly escaping all dynamic values before injecting them into the HTML template using template.HTMLEscapeString for all user-provided values. Organizations are advised to upgrade to the patched version immediately (GitHub Commit).