CVE-2025-30388: 
vulnerability analysis and mitigation

CVE-2025-30388 is a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability affecting the Windows Win32K Graphics Component (GRFX). The vulnerability was disclosed and patched as part of Microsoft's May 2025 Patch Tuesday security updates. This security flaw allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally on affected Windows systems (NVD, Wiz).

The vulnerability is classified as a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the Windows Win32K Graphics Component. Microsoft has assigned it a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (High), with the following vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. This indicates that the vulnerability requires local access and user interaction to exploit, but can lead to high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (NVD, Wiz).

If successfully exploited, this vulnerability allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. Given that it affects a core Windows component, successful exploitation could lead to complete system compromise if the user has elevated privileges (Wiz).

Microsoft has released a security update to address this vulnerability as part of the May 2025 Patch Tuesday updates. Users and administrators are strongly advised to apply the security updates through Windows Update or enterprise management tools immediately (Wiz).