CVE-2025-31257: 
Apple Safari vulnerability analysis and mitigation

A memory handling vulnerability identified as CVE-2025-31257 was discovered affecting multiple Apple operating systems and Safari browser. The vulnerability was disclosed on May 12, 2025, and affects watchOS 11.5, tvOS 18.5, iOS 18.5, iPadOS 18.5, macOS Sequoia 15.5, visionOS 2.5, and Safari 18.5. The issue was discovered by Juergen Schmied of Lynck GmbH (Apple Security).

The vulnerability exists in WebKit, Apple's browser engine. When processing maliciously crafted web content, the vulnerability can lead to an unexpected Safari crash. The issue stems from improper memory handling and was addressed by implementing improved memory handling mechanisms. The vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.7 (Medium) with the vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:L (NVD).

The primary impact of this vulnerability is the potential for an attacker to cause an unexpected Safari crash through maliciously crafted web content. This could lead to denial of service conditions for affected users. The vulnerability affects multiple Apple operating systems and devices, including iPhones, iPads, Macs, Apple TVs, and Apple Vision Pro (Apple Security).

Apple has released security updates to address this vulnerability across all affected platforms. Users should update to watchOS 11.5, tvOS 18.5, iOS 18.5, iPadOS 18.5, macOS Sequoia 15.5, visionOS 2.5, or Safari 18.5 depending on their device. The fix implements improved memory handling to prevent the vulnerability from being exploited (Apple Security).