CVE-2025-48524: 
NixOS vulnerability analysis and mitigation

CVE-2025-48524 is a missing authorization vulnerability (CWE-862) in the isSystem method of WifiPermissionsUtil.java in Android's Wi-Fi permissions handling subsystem. It affects Android versions 13, 14, 15, and 16, and was disclosed as part of the September 2025 Android Security Bulletin published on September 1, 2025. The flaw could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges required and no user interaction needed. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.5 (Medium) (Android Security Bulletin).

The vulnerability is rooted in a missing permission check (CWE-862) within the isSystem method of WifiPermissionsUtil.java in Android's Wi-Fi module. An attacker with local access can bypass system-level permission checks due to the absent authorization validation, potentially disrupting Wi-Fi-related system services. The fix is available in the Android open-source repository targeting the packages/modules/Wifi component (Android Security Bulletin, EUVD).

Successful exploitation leads to local denial of service on affected Android devices, disrupting Wi-Fi functionality or related system services. The vulnerability does not expose confidential data (no confidentiality impact) and does not allow modification of data (no integrity impact), but can cause high availability impact on the affected component. The scope is limited to the local device and does not facilitate lateral movement or remote code execution on its own (Android Security Bulletin).

There is no public proof-of-concept exploit and no evidence of in-the-wild exploitation at this time. The vulnerability requires local access with low privileges and no user interaction, making it accessible to malicious apps installed on the device. The EPSS score is approximately 0.008% (0.000080), indicating a very low probability of exploitation in the near term. CVE-2025-48524 is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (Android Security Bulletin).

Google has released a patch as part of the September 2025 Android Security Bulletin (patch level 2025-09-01), which addresses this vulnerability across Android 13, 14, 15, and 16. Users and administrators should apply the September 2025 security update to all affected Android devices as soon as it becomes available from their device manufacturer. Samsung has also incorporated these fixes into its September 2025 security update for Galaxy devices. No configuration-based workaround is publicly documented (Android Security Bulletin).

The CIS (Center for Internet Security) issued an advisory noting that multiple vulnerabilities in the September 2025 Android bulletin, including CVE-2025-48524, could allow for remote code execution in the most severe cases (CIS Advisory). Samsung acknowledged the bulletin and released corresponding patches for Galaxy devices in September 2025. No significant independent researcher commentary or social media discussion specific to this CVE has been observed.