CVE-2025-49674: 
vulnerability analysis and mitigation

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability was discovered in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). The vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-49674, was disclosed on July 8, 2025, and affects multiple versions of Microsoft Windows Server, including Server 2008, 2012, 2016, 2019, 2022, and 2025 (NVD, CVE).

The vulnerability is classified as CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow) with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (HIGH). The attack vector is network-based (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L), requires no privileges (PR:N), needs user interaction (UI:R), and has potential for high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H) (NVD).

If successfully exploited, this vulnerability allows an unauthorized attacker to execute arbitrary code over a network, potentially leading to complete system compromise with high impacts on system confidentiality, integrity, and availability (NVD).

Microsoft has released security updates for affected versions of Windows Server, including Server 2008, 2012, 2016, 2019, 2022, and 2025. The patches are available up to versions 10.0.26100.4652 for Server 2025, 10.0.14393.8246 for Server 2016, 10.0.17763.7558 for Server 2019, 10.0.20348.3932 for Server 2022, and 10.0.25398.1732 for Server 2022 23H2 (NVD).