CVE-2025-54915: 
vulnerability analysis and mitigation

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Windows Defender Firewall Service was disclosed on September 9, 2025. This vulnerability affects multiple Windows versions including Windows 10, Windows 11, and various Windows Server editions from 2008 to 2025. The vulnerability has been assigned CVE-2025-54915 and allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally (NVD).

The vulnerability is classified as a type confusion issue (CWE-843) in the Windows Defender Firewall Service. It has received a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.7 (Medium) with the following vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. This indicates that the vulnerability requires local access, low attack complexity, high privileges, and no user interaction. The impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability is rated as high (NVD, AttackerKB).

If successfully exploited, this vulnerability allows an authorized attacker to elevate their privileges locally on the affected system. The high impact ratings for confidentiality, integrity, and availability indicate that successful exploitation could result in significant system compromise (NVD).

Microsoft has released security updates to address this vulnerability. Users are advised to apply the relevant patches through Windows Update or download them directly from the Microsoft Update Catalog (Microsoft Security).