CVE-2025-68366: 
Linux Kernel vulnerability analysis and mitigation

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nbd: defer config unlock in nbd_genl_connect

There is one use-after-free warning when running NBD_CMD_CONNECT and NBD_CLEAR_SOCK:

nbd_genl_connect nbd_alloc_and_init_config // config_refs=1 nbd_start_device // config_refs=2 set NBD_RT_HAS_CONFIG_REF open nbd // config_refs=3 recv_work done // config_refs=2 NBD_CLEAR_SOCK // config_refs=1 close nbd // config_refs=0 refcount_inc -> uaf

------------[ cut here ]------------ refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 24 PID: 1014 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0x12e/0x290 nbd_genl_connect+0x16d0/0x1ab0 genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x1f3/0x310 genl_rcv_msg+0x44a/0x790

The issue can be easily reproduced by adding a small delay before refcount_inc(&nbd->config_refs) in nbd_genl_connect():

    mutex_unlock(&nbd->config_lock);
    if (!ret) {
            set_bit(NBD_RT_HAS_CONFIG_REF, &config->runtime_flags);

•           printk("before sleep\n");

• mdelay(5 * 1000);
• printk("after sleep\n");

        refcount_inc(&nbd->config_refs);
        nbd_connect_reply(info, nbd->index);
  }