GHSA-x2f4-8wxf-w3vf: 
PHP vulnerability analysis and mitigation

The vulnerability (GHSA-x2f4-8wxf-w3vf) affects the Zend\Db component in Zend Framework 2, specifically impacting versions 2.0.0 through 2.0.8 and 2.1.0 through 2.1.4. The issue involves two methods, quoteValue() and quoteValueList(), which are used for SQL value quoting but failed to properly handle escapable characters, potentially leading to SQL injection vulnerabilities (Zend Advisory).

The vulnerability stems from a flaw in the quoteValue() and quoteValueList() methods within the Zend\Db\Adapter\Platform* objects. These methods did not account for all possible escapable characters needed when creating quoted values for SQL string interpolation. Additionally, the methods performed value quoting without extension level coordination, which should have taken character-sets into consideration when quoting (Zend Advisory). The vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS v3.1 score of 8.8 (High), with attack vector being Network and requiring low attack complexity (GitHub Advisory).

If exploited, this vulnerability could lead to SQL injection attacks, potentially allowing unauthorized access to or modification of database contents. The vulnerability affects applications that directly consume specific APIs including Zend\Db\Adapter\Platform::quoteValue(), Zend\Db\Adapter\Platform::quoteValueList(), and various getSqlString() methods in the Zend\Db\Sql namespace (Zend Advisory).

The issue has been patched in versions 2.0.8 and 2.1.4. The fix includes modifications to Platform objects to accept the Driver as an optional parameter, allowing quoteValue() to use driver-level quoting/escaping mechanisms. A new API, Zend\Db\Adapter\Platform\PlatformInterface::quoteTrustedValue(), was introduced for use cases requiring quoting without warning triggers. Users are strongly recommended to upgrade to either version 2.0.8 or 2.1.4 (Zend Advisory).