CVE-2024-44765: 
CloudPanel vulnerability analysis and mitigation

An Improper Authorization (Access Control Misconfiguration) vulnerability exists in MGT-COMMERCE GmbH CloudPanel versions 2.0.0 to 2.4.2. The vulnerability allows low-privilege users to bypass access controls and gain unauthorized access to sensitive configuration files and administrative functionality. This vulnerability was discovered in November 2024 and has been assigned CVE-2024-44765 (NVD, GitHub POC).

The vulnerability stems from insufficient access control restrictions in the vhost configuration management functionality. Low-privilege users can manipulate nginx configuration by modifying the document root to access the main CloudPanel directory and other sensitive webserver locations. The vulnerability has been assigned a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 (Medium) with the vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (NVD).

The vulnerability can lead to serious security breaches including exposure of sensitive data, access to .env files, SQLite database files (.sq3), SSH keys, and /etc/shadow files. Successful exploitation could result in admin account takeover, secret key exposure, web shell upload capabilities, privilege escalation, and potential server intrusion (GitHub POC).

The vulnerability requires low-privilege user access to CloudPanel. Exploitation involves manipulating the vhost configuration through the management interface by modifying the document root path. A proof-of-concept exploit has been publicly disclosed demonstrating the complete attack chain (GitHub POC).

Currently, there is no official fix available for this vulnerability. A security update is expected in an upcoming release. Organizations using affected versions of CloudPanel should carefully review and restrict access to vhost configuration management features (GitHub POC).